Apple (Malus domestica) सेब
Apples are often eaten raw. The proverb "An apple a day keeps the doctor away", addressing the health effects of the fruit, dates from 19th century Wales. Preliminary research suggests that apples may reduce the risk of colon cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Apple peels contain ursolic acid which, in rat studies, increases skeletal muscle and brown fat, and decreases white fat, obesity, glucose intolerance, and fatty liver disease. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, a typical apple serving weighs 242 grams and contains 126 calories with significant dietary fiber and vitamin C content.
Apple peels are a source of various phytochemicals with unknown nutritional value and possible antioxidant activity in vitro. The predominant phenolic phytochemicals in apples are quercetin, epicatechin, and procyanidin B2.
Apple juice concentrate has been found in mice to increase the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Other studies have shown an "alleviation of oxidative damage and cognitive decline" in mice after the administration of apple juice. Fruit flies fed an apple extract lived 10% longer than other flies fed a normal diet.
Apples are often eaten raw. The proverb "An apple a day keeps the doctor away", addressing the health effects of the fruit, dates from 19th century Wales. Preliminary research suggests that apples may reduce the risk of colon cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Apple peels contain ursolic acid which, in rat studies, increases skeletal muscle and brown fat, and decreases white fat, obesity, glucose intolerance, and fatty liver disease. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, a typical apple serving weighs 242 grams and contains 126 calories with significant dietary fiber and vitamin C content.
Apple peels are a source of various phytochemicals with unknown nutritional value and possible antioxidant activity in vitro. The predominant phenolic phytochemicals in apples are quercetin, epicatechin, and procyanidin B2.
Apple juice concentrate has been found in mice to increase the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Other studies have shown an "alleviation of oxidative damage and cognitive decline" in mice after the administration of apple juice. Fruit flies fed an apple extract lived 10% longer than other flies fed a normal diet.
Apples (Raw)
Nutritional Values
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Carbohydrate
Factor: 3.6 Fat Factor: 8.37 Protein Factor: 3.36 Nitrogen to Protein
Conversion Factor: 6.25
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Refuse: 10% Core
and stem and 13% skin
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Nutrient (Proximates)
|
Unit
|
With Skin
|
Without Skin
|
|
1Value per100g
|
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Water
|
g
|
85.56
|
86.67
|
|
Energy
|
kcal
|
52
|
48
|
|
Protein
|
g
|
0.26
|
0.27
|
|
Total lipid
(fat)
|
g
|
0.17
|
0.13
|
|
Ash
|
g
|
0.19
|
0.17
|
|
Carbohydrate, by
difference
|
g
|
13.81
|
12.76
|
|
Fiber, total
dietary
|
g
|
2.4
|
1.3
|
|
Sugars, total
|
g
|
10.39
|
10.1
|
|
Sucrose
|
g
|
2.07
|
0.82
|
|
Glucose
(dextrose)
|
g
|
2.43
|
3.25
|
|
Fructose
|
g
|
5.9
|
6.03
|
|
Starch
|
g
|
0.05
|
||
Minerals
|
||||
Calcium, Ca
|
mg
|
6
|
5
|
|
Iron, Fe
|
mg
|
0.12
|
0.07
|
|
Magnesium, Mg
|
mg
|
5
|
4
|
|
Phosphorus, P
|
mg
|
11
|
11
|
|
Potassium, K
|
mg
|
107
|
90
|
|
Sodium, Na
|
mg
|
1
|
0
|
|
Zinc, Zn
|
mg
|
0.04
|
0.05
|
|
Copper, Cu
|
mg
|
0.027
|
0.031
|
|
Manganese, Mn
|
mg
|
0.035
|
0.038
|
|
Selenium, Se
|
µg
|
0
|
0
|
|
Fluoride, F
|
µg
|
3.3
|
||
Vitamins
|
||||
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid
|
mg
|
4.6
|
4
|
|
Thiamin
|
mg
|
0.017
|
0.019
|
|
Riboflavin
|
mg
|
0.026
|
0.028
|
|
Niacin
|
mg
|
0.091
|
0.091
|
|
Pantothenic acid
|
mg
|
0.061
|
0.071
|
|
Vitamin B-6
|
mg
|
0.041
|
0.037
|
|
Folate, total
|
µg
|
3
|
0
|
|
Folic acid
|
µg
|
0
|
0
|
|
Folate, food
|
µg
|
3
|
0
|
|
Folate, DFE
|
µg
|
3
|
0
|
|
Choline, total
|
mg
|
3.4
|
3.4
|
|
Betaine
|
mg
|
0.1
|
||
Vitamin A, RAE
|
µg
|
3
|
2
|
|
Carotene, beta
|
µg
|
27
|
17
|
|
Cryptoxanthin, beta
|
µg
|
11
|
13
|
|
Vitamin A, IU
|
IU
|
54
|
38
|
|
Lutein + zeaxanthin
|
µg
|
29
|
18
|
|
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)
|
mg
|
0.18
|
0.05
|
|
Tocopherol, beta
|
mg
|
0.01
|
||
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)
|
µg
|
2.2
|
0.6
|
|
Lipids
|
||||
Fatty acids, total saturated
|
g
|
0.028
|
0.021
|
|
Fatty acids, total monounsaturated
|
g
|
0.007
|
0.005
|
|
Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated
|
g
|
0.051
|
0.037
|
|
Cholesterol
|
mg
|
0
|
0
|
|
Phytosterols
|
mg
|
12
|
||
Amino Acids
|
||||
Tryptophan
|
g
|
0.001
|
0.001
|
|
Threonine
|
g
|
0.006
|
0.006
|
|
Isoleucine
|
g
|
0.006
|
0.006
|
|
Leucine
|
g
|
0.013
|
0.014
|
|
Lysine
|
g
|
0.012
|
0.013
|
|
Methionine
|
g
|
0.001
|
0.001
|
|
Cystine
|
g
|
0.001
|
0.001
|
|
Phenylalanine
|
g
|
0.006
|
0.007
|
|
Tyrosine
|
g
|
0.001
|
0.001
|
|
Valine
|
g
|
0.012
|
0.012
|
|
Arginine
|
g
|
0.006
|
0.006
|
|
Histidine
|
g
|
0.005
|
0.005
|
|
Alanine
|
g
|
0.011
|
0.012
|
|
Aspartic acid
|
g
|
0.07
|
0.074
|
|
Glutamic acid
|
g
|
0.025
|
0.026
|
|
Glycine
|
g
|
0.009
|
0.009
|
|
Proline
|
g
|
0.006
|
0.006
|
|
Serine
|
g
|
0.01
|
0.011
|
|
The whole fruit including the skin is
suitable for human consumption except for the seeds, which may affect some
consumers. One form of apple allergy, often found in northern Europe, is called
birch-apple syndrome, and is found in people who are also allergic to birch
pollen. Allergic reactions are triggered by a protein in apples that is similar
to birch pollen, and people affected by this protein can also develop allergies
to other fruits, nuts, and vegetables. Reactions, which entail oral allergy
syndrome (OAS), generally involve itching and inflammation of the mouth and
throat.
Different Verities of
Apple:
Yellow Transparent Apple
Sampion Apple
Red Delicious Apple Nutritional Values
Pink Lady Apple
Pacific Rose Apple
Macintosh Apple
Lobo Apple
Jonagold Apple
Granny Smith Apple Nutritional Values
Golden Reinette Apple
Golden Delicious Apple Nutritional Values
Gala Apple Nutitional Values
Fuji Apple Nutritional Values
Bramley Apple
Arkansas Black Apple
Ananas Reinette Apple
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